The Cash Boy - Horatio Alger - 645 Words

The short story †The Cash Boy† is written by Horatio Alger and it was published in the year 1889. The story is about a little poor boy, which lost everyone he loved except his little sister. Because the situation with no parents and income, Frank moved to New York for himself, so he could make some money for him and his sister. His sister stayed in the country and it’s Frank who pays for her needs and her tuition. One day at work Franks boss asks him to send some letters. Frank says yes and now he ventures to find the mailbox at Forty-sixth Street. On his way he helps an old man and he gets invited inside the old mans house for dinner. During the dinner he is getting to know the old man more and more and it ends with Frank reading for the†¦show more content†¦You have been a good friend to me† â€Å"The Cash Boy† is a good short story, which tells us about a lot of things especial-ly about the main theme and other themes such as The American dream. It ends with an open ending, which tells us that we do not know what will happen to Frank and his sister, but some things in the short story lead to a great future, because it is shown that his life will be better, because he is a hard working-man and the extra money from Mr. Wharton. This also tells us that Mr. Wharton is alone and needs a friend. This reminds a lot about the text â€Å"Richard Cory†. â€Å"Richard Cory† is also about a rich man who needs company, but no one wants to be his friend, because he is in the upper class. It all ends with his suicide and this can be put into perspective in this short story with Frank, because in this story Frank is Mr. Wharton’sShow MoreRelatedThe Forgotten American Dream : Is It Still Alive?2246 Words   |  9 Pageshave been lost to future generations. Horatio Alger, Jr was a 19th century writer that attended Harvard and he published fictional stories of young men establishing themselves in America by rising through the social classes to gain wealth and happiness. Some of his most popular novels were The Cash Boy , Paul the Peddler and The Telegraph. They all included impoverished boys rising to the middle class through determination, hard work, honesty, and bravery (Horatio). These novels assisted the definitionRead MoreLife Should Be Better And Richer And Fuller2085 Words   |  9 Pages To begin with, let talks about the demise of the infamous story that was passed on from generation to generation but in the end, everyone know that is could never become true anymore, the American Dream. The story goes like this according to Horatio Alger in his book Ragged Dick, any person who had a harsh start can change themselves into a better person with education, just like what Dick did, â€Å"Dick’s peculiar way of speaking and u se of slang terms has been somewhat modified by his education†¦ HisRead MoreThe Founder Of The Popular Fast Food Franchise2266 Words   |  10 Pagesthe type of quality and service a business should provide. He began to work in the restaurant business at age 12, but he was fired a lot because he was underage. Dave then began working at the restaurant Hobby House at age 15. He started as a bus boy and eventually moved to the front of the kitchen. Dave knew that if he was going to own a restaurant one day, he would need to know how to do every job. His family moved again and he stayed behind. Dave lived alone at the YMCA at age 15. After he wentRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 PagesMurakami (1987)[38] A Prayer For Owen Meany, by John Irving (1989) Number the Stars, by Lois Lowry (1989) Sophie s World, by Jostein Gaarder (1991) English Music, by Peter Ackroyd (1992)[39] The Gods Laugh on Mondays, by Reza Khoshnazar (1995) About a Boy, by Nick Hornby (1998) The Perks of Being a Wallflower, by Stephen Chbosky (1999)[40] Persepolis, by Marjane Satrapi (2000)[41] 21st century[edit] The Secret Life of Bees, by Sue Monk Kidd (2002)[42] The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini (2003)[43] TheRead MoreAmerican Revolution and Study Guide Essay example5377 Words   |  22 PagesPocahontas Anne Hutchinson Benjamin Franklin Royal veto John Rolfe Roger Williams George Whitefield Lord Baltimore William Bradford John Peter Zenger Virtual representation Walter Raleigh John Winthrop Paxton boys James Oglethorpe Puritans Triangular trade First Continental Congress John Smith Separatists Molasses Act Sugar Act Francis Drake Pilgrims Scots-Irish Quartering Act William Penn Predestination Louis XIV

Guajilote Cooperativo Forestal - 955 Words

Guajilote Cooperativo Forestal, Honduras Guajilote Cooperativo Forestal was a cooperative with operations outside of Chaparral, a small village located in La Muralla National Park in Olancho province, Honduras. This cooperative was founded in 1991 as a component of a USAID (United States Agency for International Development) project, which attempted to develop La Muralla National Park as an administrative and socioeconomic model expected to be transferred to other Honduras national parks. The Guajilote Cooperativo Forestal was given the right to exploit naturally fallen mahogany trees in La Muralla buffer zone. Until that moment, it was the only business venture in Honduras with that special right. In 1998, Guajilote started†¦show more content†¦It can develop business with local furniture manufacturers. 2. The cooperative can export its product outside Honduras. 3. It is possible for Guajilote to operate within the constraints and regulations established by CITIES, and COHDEFOR, and the government. 4. Guajilote can negotiate the mahogany transportation costs with the local and outside buyers. 5. The government and USAID can help providing more economic assistance to Guajilote. 6. The CITIES and COHDEFOR regulations can include forest rangers to monitor the illegal deforestation and the agricultural fires to ensure the forest and the tree population. 7. Guajilote can also help to increase the mahogany tree population by engaging the approach to start planting more trees. They can build greenhouses with the government, CITIES, COHDEFOR, and USAID assistant to cultivate the seeds and plant new trees. In addition, the local population could be educated about the importance of up keeping its natural resources. Components of the value chain in the production and sale of mahogany Site (La Muralla forests) --- Transportation (mule, streams and river) --- Collection (distributors) --- Sale (local manufacturers) --- Exporting (USA, Europe, etc.) Strategic Alternatives Guajilote Cooperativo Forestal strategic alternatives could include: 1. To cooperate with CITIES and COHDEFOR in its regulations and restrictions making. 2.Show MoreRelatedGuajilote Cooperativo Forestal, Swot1600 Words   |  7 PagesThe Guajilote Cooperative is an incredibly fascinating business enterprise. It has created prosperity for its members, kept the protected national forest free of debris that could cause wide-spread destruction, and keep capesinos (peasant farmers) from over-running the preserve. Given the lack of education by its members, their success is impressive. COHDEFOR should be delighted with their experiment. Nevertheless, any future attempts to copy this model should be carefully analyzed and basic businessRead MoreStrategic Management and Business Policy - Guajilote Cooperativo Forestal1354 Words   |  6 PagesGuajilote was founded in 1991 as a component of a USAID (United States Agency for International Development) project. The project attempted to develop La Muralla National park as an administrative and socioeconomic model that COHDEFOR (the Honduran forestry development service) could transfer to Honduras other national parks. The Guajilote Cooperativo Forestal was given the right to exploit naturally fallen (not chopped down) mahogany trees in La Murallas buffer zone. A buffer zone wasRead MoreGuajilote Cooperativo Forestal, Honduras Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pages1. What is your impression of Guajilote as a business venture? Guajilote is a growing business but the organization of this company does not have a steady foundation due to the political structure of Honduras. Guajilote also the amount of mahogany wood was limited and was being threatened by forest fires, illegal logging, and slash and dash burn agriculture. Wood trade was even restricted internationally. Guajilote was force to take lower price for its wood due to that there was only one distributingRead MoreGuajilote1174 Words   |  5 PagesCase 8: Guajilote Cooperativo Forestal, Honduras 1. What is your impression of Guajilote as a business venture? The Guajilote Cooperativo Forestal was founded in 1991 to improve economic development in developing countries. The COHDEFOR (the Honduran forestry development service) issued Guajilote the right to exploit naturally fallen mahogany trees within the buffer zone of La Muralla National Park in Honduras. This business venture has been able to improve the economic welfare and qualityRead MoreEssay on Guajilote Case Study3153 Words   |  13 PagesGuajilote Case Study This essay examines the case study of the Guajilote co-operative, a co-operative with a licence to collect and sell fallen timber in the Honduras. The paper is in five sections; giving an impression of the co-operative as a business venture, conducting a SWOT analysis of the company, looking at any competitive advantage or strategy. Describing the value chain and considering strategic alternatives open to the co-operative. Solution 1. The business is certainly located

Education at Risk, a Nation at Risk Free Essays

Education of the young has been part of society’s needs of the modern times. Colleges and universities that offer quality education most often implies high financing. And though our world pushed to modernization, it seems that education has been deteriorating. We will write a custom essay sample on Education at Risk, a Nation at Risk or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite the fact that education in our country has long proven to be superb, it is not a justification in its dwindling quality. It is affirmed that education of the youth help them in future careers and endeavours but slowly, the education system has become less significant to us. That we have compromised this commitment is, upon reflection, hardly surprising, given the multitude of often conflicting demands we have placed on our Nation’s schools and colleges. They are routinely called on to provide solutions to personal, social, and political problems that the home and other institutions either will not or cannot resolve. We must understand that these demands on our schools and colleges often exact an educational cost as well as a financial one (A Nation at Risk, 1983). The above quoted article from the National Commission on Excellence in Education dates back decades ago and yet, it states a present reality in our society. Though our educational institutions call to educate the youth in academic matters, our society today imparts too many varying demands from these institutions. Education should not begin in our schools and colleges. One’s learning should be initiated from the family and the environment a child lives in. And yet, it is not unexpected that some of us demand these responsibilities from our educational institutions. Personal, social and political concerns that seek to develop each man are solely handed over to school professors and teachers that actually do not have time for each student in class. Truly, these concerns are part of classroom discussions and curriculums; nevertheless, they should first be encountered by the youth at home. Schools and universities only act as guides in a person’s quest for his principles. These schools and universities are not sole educators but are team members in shaping our future citizens. It does not mean that if we pay for the education we get, we will leave all the responsibilities to them. No. they are just our collaborators in teaching the youth the values we wish them to have to face the challenges of career life, nationalism and personal identity. Our increasing dependence on the learning of our youth to colleges and universities must be one of the many causes of the decline in quality of our country’s education. And so, though we have much to be proud of from the history of achievements our country had, we are faced with a predicament which should have been eradicated in advance. Horace Mann Horace Mann, an advocate of equality in terms of education, would probably uphold that the various extra demands of our people on these institutions are just fitting. Since he believes in the extended educational curriculum in public schools, he would rather include personal, social and political concerns in the education of the youth. It might be an extra baggage for the educators but it is his way of shaping a person’s identity. Even so, he upholds the educators in high esteem. And though he purges them with great responsibilities, he regards them justly. Mann believes that â€Å"education prevents both the revenge and madness† of society (Mann, 1848). He believes that to prevent tyranny as well as poverty, education should be granted with higher significance. Total civilization comes with education and so, educators should have that sense of significance with the work they do to help uplift man’s development. Educators are makers of civilized men. Thus, it is only fitting that all areas of a man’s identity be taken up by the lessons one encounters inside the classroom. The thought of degradation in the quality of education we have today might somehow depress Horace Mann in his quest for equality and justice. How to cite Education at Risk, a Nation at Risk, Papers

Nursing Case Study Evident From he Symptoms

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Nursing Case for Evident From he Symptoms. Answer: Alzheimers Disease Alzheimers Disease (AD) is a form of dementia that results in the problems with behavior, thinking and memory. The symptoms of the disease develop gradually and tend to worsen over the time that gets severe enough to end up with interfering with the daily life activities (Alzheimer's Association, 2013). It is the commonest form of dementia that affects the intellectual abilities and holds up to 60 to 80 percent of the cases of dementia which is expected expand largely by 2050 (Appendix 1). Although it is not a normal part of increasing age, however, the biggest risk factor for the pathogenesis of the disease is increasing age and majority of the patients suffering from the disease are found in the age 65 years or older (Healthdirect.gov.au, 2016). It is a progressive disease that worsens gradually worsens over the time and becomes evident from the symptoms. The early stages of the disease are marked with mild memory loss and the later stage is characterized by the loss of ability of the individual to carry out the conversation in response to their environment (Aihw.gov.au, 2016). The prevalence of AD in Australia is 353,800 which is expected to reach 400,000 in five years. It has been identified as the second leading cause of the death of the people in Australia and three out of ten people who are above the age of 85 are suffering from AD and dementia (Fightdementia.org.au, 2016). The pathophysiology of the disease begins with the fact that the brain of the patient exhibits marked atrophy with a shrinkage of the gyri and widening of the sulci. It involves the entire cerebral cortex sparing the occipital pole. Ventricular dilation becomes apparent with thinning of the cortical ribbon in the temporal horn because of the atrophy of the hippocampus and amygdala (Jack et al., 2013). On the microscopic level, the large cortical neurons shrink resulting in a significant loss of neurons. The critical pathological substrate of the disease is shrinkage of the dendritic arbor of the bigger neurons with neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques. These tangles and plaques act by damaging the healthy brain cells surrounding them causing the brain to shrink and death of the damaged cells. This death and destruction of the nerve cells result in problems in performing the daily life activities, changes in personality and memory failure (Burnham et al., 2016). There are a number of risk factors that results in the development of the disease in the individual and this includes lifestyle, environment, genetics and age. These factors have a different effect on different people and some of them can be controlled or changed while others are not. Age is the most prominent risk factor responsible for the development of AD and the risk is known to double every five years after the attainment of the age of 65 (Jack, 2013). The fastest growing age group has been found among the aged population above 85 years. Genes have a crucial role to play in the development of AD as it controls the early and late onset of the disease. While the early onset of the disease is less common, late onset constitutes the major portion of the occurrence of the disease (Reitz Mayeux, 2014). Air pollution has a link with the occurrence of AD as the analyzed amyloid plaques have revealed many environmental pollutants like nickel and aluminum. Lifestyle factors including ob esity, hypertension, diet lacking in vegetables and fruits and lack of exercise act as risk factors for the development of AD. Apart from these factors, the other factors include head injury, Down syndrome and family history that promote the development of the disease (Burnham et al., 2016). Assessment of Alzheimers Disease AD can be diagnosed by examination of the brain of the patient by an autopsy and therefore, it is difficult to carry out the diagnosis in the condition. However, brain imaging techniques can be helpful in this regard for tracing the amyloid plaques present in the living brain and is rapidly becoming a practice in Australia as AD is predicted to take an enormous shape in near future (Appendix 2). Specific assessment data based on history, physical exam and investigation has to be collected and the details have been presented below. Table 1: Specific assessment data for Alzheimers disease History Physical Examination Investigation Focused history: Cognitive problems, onset of memory, safety concerns, current functioning, behavioral issues and patterns of losses. Orthostatic blood pressure, vision and hearing screens Laboratory tests: Glucose, serum electrolytes, drug levels, CBC, TSH and BUN/creatinine Past medical history: Neurological conditions, head trauma and risk factors. Neurologic exam: Pathologic reflexes, deep tendon, localized findings, tremor, muscle tone and strength and cranial nerves Diagnostic tests: Treatment of depression, removal of offending medications Family and social history ------ ----- Medication history ------ ----- Source: (Loewenstein, 2013) Assessment tests for AD are essential as some of the pathological conditions tend to mimic AD that includes brain tumors and strokes, depression, drug reactions and thyroid problems. Therefore, early diagnosis and detection are recommended for AD. Three major problems associated with AD are disturbed thought process, chronic confusion and impaired verbal communication. The disturbed thought process is characterized by disorientation to circumstance, person, place and time, inability to reason, decreased ability to conceptualize or reason and memory loss. Chronic confusion is characterized by decreased ability for the interpretation of the environment, decreased thought capacity, disorientation and memory impairment. Impaired verbal communication is characterized by disorientation to person, anxiety, flight of ideas and repetitive speech. These signs and symptoms begin in the early stage of the disease, progresses over the middle stage and worsen over the later stage of the disease (Karantzoulis Galvin, 2014). Nursing diagnoses for AD are vital for the management of the disease as it worsens over the time. Patients need total care as not only them but also their family members fall under stress with the behavior of the patient. The nursing diagnoses for AD begin with bowel and urinary elimination as it is related to the loss of neurological function and muscle tone. Failure to determine the location of the bathroom and identification of their needs forms the essential diagnoses of AD. Sensory changes are also responsible for the disturbed sleep patterns that the patients face due to AD. Reduced muscle strength or tone and neuromuscular damage cause impaired physical mobility (Howard et al., 2015). Physical limitations and cognitive decline cause self-care deficit and it is another crucial nursing diagnosis for AD. Changes in the integration, transmission and reception results in disturbed sensory perception and is responsible for AD. Altered thought process is a result of irreversible neur onal degeneration and ineffective coping of the individuals is the result of incapability of the individual to resolve the intellectual changes and issues. Impaired verbal communication is related to the intellectual changes that includes disorientation and dementia. The ability of the individual to cope with the problems of life decreases. Emotional changes like lack of confidence and irritability is a result of impaired social interaction. Inability to identify and recognize the environmental hazards and weakness increases the risk for injury. Easy to forget and sensory changes cause imbalanced nutrition that reduces the intake of necessary nutrients required for the normal functioning of the body (Farina, Rusted Tabet, 2014). The exact cause of AD is yet not understood however, the nursing diagnoses help identify the disease and provide the required intervention as immediate treatment is a must for AD or it starts to worsen over the period. Goal of Nursing Care Since AD is incurable, therefore, the chief goals of the nursing care process are maintenance of the quality of life, maximizing the functions in the daily activities, fostering a safe environment and promotion of the social engagement. Based on the clinical reasoning cycle, the three discussed problems needs the description of the proposed action plan, the desired outcome and a time frame for the establishment of a goal. The proposed action plan has been discussed as the nursing intervention and since AD has no treatment, therefore, no time frame can be fixed for the duration of nursing care (Hartley et al., 2015). For disturbed thought process, the desired outcome is appropriate maintenance of the psychological and mental functioning of the patient for the maximum possible duration and reversal of the behavior as evident. After the nursing intervention, the patient is expected to have improved thought processing and its maintenance at the baseline level. Since AD is associated with behavioral problems, therefore the goal will include identification and control of the problem. Chronic confusion has the desired outcome of minimal dementia manifestations of reduced cognitive impairment and confusion. The patient will have a safe and stable environment for routine scheduling of the activities for reducing confusion and anxiety. The family of the patient has to be involved in the process of care as a part of the goal and they have to be enabled to utilize the patient information effectively for dealing with the patient confusion in regard to the limitations of the validation and stimulation of the patients thoughts (Hardy et al., 2014). In case of impaired verbal communication, the desired outcome is that the patient will be having effective understanding of communication and speech or should be enabled to use alternative communication methods. The goal of the nursing care is to promote the coordinated speech breathing. Nursing Care Strategies Nurses care strategies play a crucial role in the recognition of AD among the patients by assessment of the signs during the admission assessment procedure for achieving the goals. The nursing interventions aim at promoting the independence and function of the patient for the maximum possible duration (Aihw.gov.au, 2016). Other nursing objectives include promoting the safety of the patients, reduction of agitation and anxiety, improvement in communication and providing for intimacy and socialization. For disturbed thought process, the nursing intervention includes assessment of the ability of the patient for thought processing and observation of the memory changes, cognitive functioning, communication difficulty and disorientation. The rationale for this intervention is the assessment of the changes in status of the patient that may indicate progression of the deterioration or improvement of the condition (Laver et al., 2016). Assessment of the level of the cognitive disorders by the nurses includes the changes to orientation to the times, places, thinking skills and attention. The rationale for this intervention is to provide the basis for comparison or evaluation and influence the intervention choice. For chronic confusion, the nursing intervention includes assessment of the irreversible or reversible dementia, ability for interpretation of the environment, disturbances with orientation and intellectual thought processes. The rationale for this intervention includes determination of the extent and type of dementia for establishment of a care plan to enhance the emotional and cognitive functioning at the optimal levels. Terminating or avoiding the conversations or situations that are emotionally charged by the nurses is another form of nursing intervention. Anger should be avoided and expectations from the patient should be kept low according to their capability. The rationale for this is that catastrophic emotional responses are a result of the task failure w hen the patients feel that they are expected to perform beyond their ability and it results in anger and frustration (Jack et al., 2013). Impaired verbal communications include the nursing intervention of assessment of the ability of the patient to speak, sensory or cognitive impairment, neurologic disorders that affect the speech and presence of psychosis. Rationale for these nursing interventions includes identification of the speech patterns and problem areas for establishing a plan of care for the patient. Another intervention includes monitoring the patient for their nonverbal communication procedures that includes crying, pointing and smiling and they should be encouraged for the use of speech as possible. The rationale behind is that needs and feelings are expressed in case the process of speech is impaired. In such a situation, the patient can express his discomfort only by non-verbalization clues, striking out and excess mumbling (Smyth et al., 2013). Apart from these three major problems, the patient of AD suffers from the self-care deficit for hygiene and bathing. The nursing intervention for this problem in cludes provision of assistance to the patients for the maximum amount of activities while bathing and hygiene process. They should be provided with a hand towel and wash cloth for holding on. The rationale for this intervention is to promote self-esteem and independence for enabling them to control the situation. The patients like to grasp the hands of the nurse for support while bathing and using a washcloth will help them to provide a hold on as the means of support (Fightdementia.org.au, 2016). For patient care and management of AD, both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions are essential for optimal treatment of the psychological, behavioral and cognitive symptoms of the disease. References (2016).Businessinsider.com.au. Retrieved 21 August 2016, from https://www.businessinsider.com.au/the-scale-of-the-growing-tragedy-of-alzheimers-disease-has-been-reforecast-2014-11 {{meta.og.title}}. (2016).Healthdirect.gov.au. Retrieved 21 August 2016, from https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/alzheimers-disease Alzheimer's Association. (2013). 2013 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.Alzheimer's dementia,9(2), 208-245. Alzheimer's Australia | Statistics. (2016).Fightdementia.org.au. Retrieved 21 August 2016, from https://www.fightdementia.org.au/about-dementia/statistics Burnham, S. C., Bourgeat, P., Dor, V., Savage, G., Brown, B., Laws, S., ... Masters, C. L. (2016). Clinical and cognitive trajectories in cognitively healthy elderly individuals with suspected non-Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology (SNAP) or Alzheimer's disease pathology: a longitudinal study.The Lancet Neurology,15(10), 1044-1053. Dementia (AIHW). (2016).Aihw.gov.au. Retrieved 21 August 2016, from https://www.aihw.gov.au/dementia/ Farina, N., Rusted, J., Tabet, N. (2014). The effect of exercise interventions on cognitive outcome in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.International Psychogeriatrics,26(01), 9-18. Hardy, J., Bogdanovic, N., Winblad, B., Portelius, E., Andreasen, N., Cedazoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Minguez, A., Zetterberg, H. (2014). Pathways to Alzheimer's disease.Journal of internal medicine,275(3), 296-303. Hartley, D., Blumenthal, T., Carrillo, M., DiPaolo, G., Esralew, L., Gardiner, K., ... Lott, I. (2015). Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease: Common pathways, common goals.Alzheimer's Dementia,11(6), 700-709. Howard, R., McShane, R., Lindesay, J., Ritchie, C., Baldwin, A., Barber, R., ... Jones, R. (2015). Nursing home placement in the Donepezil and Memantine in Moderate to Severe Alzheimer's Disease (DOMINO-AD) trial: secondary and post-hoc analyses.The Lancet Neurology,14(12), 1171-1181. Jack, C. (2013). How do heart disease and stroke become risk factors for Alzheimer's disease?.Neurological research. Jack, C. R., Knopman, D. S., Jagust, W. J., Petersen, R. C., Weiner, M. W., Aisen, P. S., ... Lesnick, T. G. (2013). Tracking pathophysiological processes in Alzheimer's disease: an updated hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers.The Lancet Neurology,12(2), 207-216. Karantzoulis, S., Galvin, J. E. (2014). Distinguishing Alzheimers disease from other major forms of dementia.Expert review of neurotherapeutics. Laver, K., Cumming, R. G., Dyer, S. M., Agar, M. R., Anstey, K. J., Beattie, E., ... Dietz, M. (2016). Clinical practice guidelines for dementia in Australia.Med J Aust,204(5), 191-193. Loewenstein, D., 2013. Assessment of Alzheimers Disease. InHandbook on the Neuropsychology of Aging and Dementia(pp. 271-280). Springer New York. Reitz, C., Mayeux, R. (2014). Alzheimer disease: epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, risk factors and biomarkers.Biochemical pharmacology,88(4), 640-651. Smyth, W., Fielding, E., Beattie, E., Gardner, A., Moyle, W., Franklin, S., ... MacAndrew, M. (2013). A survey-based study of knowledge of Alzheimers disease among health care staff.BMC geriatrics,13(1), 1. Sounding the Alarm on a Looming Public Health Threat | Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health. (2016).Ph.ucla.edu. Retrieved 21 August 2016, from https://ph.ucla.edu/news/magazine/2015/autumnwinter/article/sounding-alarm-looming-public-health-threat

Chromatography and Solvents Essay Example

Chromatography and Solvents Paper Chromatography is a method of separating compounds and mixtures so that they can be identified and analyzed. The word chromatography means color writing. There are many kinds of chromatography such as the thin layer chromatography, Partition chromatography, Column chromatography, and Paper chromatography. Chromatography is important in the analysis of processes and materials such as environmental contamination, food, drugs, blood, petroleum products, and radioactive fission products. It has many uses in the rapidly evolving biotechnology industry. The chromatography sorbents help purify problems in the production of drugs. Equipment used for chromatography is essential for chemical laboratories today. With these devices, scientists can identify chemical compounds in complex mixtures such as smog, cigar smoke, and even coffee aroma. Chromatography could be used to show how much of one substance there is in a mixture. Solvents are used to separate mixtures. Some solvents that we see every day are nail polish remover, water, rubbing alcohol, and vinegar. In chromatography, the components go through 2 phases called the mobile phase and stationary phase. The stationary phase may be solid, liquid, liquid supported on a solid, or gel. They may be packed in a column, spread as a layer, or distributed as a film. The mobile phase may be gaseous or liquid. In paper chromatography, the filter paper is the stationary phase and the solvent is the mobile phase. The separation is achieved when the solutes in the mobile phase and stationary phase results in different retention lines for the different chemical compounds. The chromatographic system consists of 3 components which are solvents, soluble, and sorbents. Solvents are used to dissolve solutes to form a solution. Not all solvents have to be liquid and not all solutes have to be solid. We will write a custom essay sample on Chromatography and Solvents specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Chromatography and Solvents specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Chromatography and Solvents specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Higher temperatures of the solvent usually increase the dissolving of the solute. One exception to this is that the solubility of gas in liquid usually decreases with temperature. If the components of this system react chemically with each other than the inert substance dispersing the reactants is the inert solvent. Chemical reactions will also dissolve more solutes. Water is an excellent solvent for ionic substances. It breaks down the ionic crystals and separates the component ions form each other. The water molecules form shells around the ions and keep them far apart. Covalently bonded molecules like organic compounds don’t dissolve well in water. They dissolve well in organic solvents. Some alcohols have hydrogen bonds so they dissolve in water. Rubbing Alcohol is useful as an antifreeze compound and solvent. It contains methanol which is produced from natural gases. Methanol is made from mixing hydrogen and carbon monoxide at high temperatures and pressure. The boiling point increases due to hydrogen bonding that occurs between hydroxyl groups. Acetone is a colorless, flammable, explosive liquid that contains a characteristic odor that can be detected at very low concentrations. 2008). (Chemical compound: CH3COCH3) Used for making nail polish remover, model airplane, and glue. It belongs to a family known as ketones. Ketones are a compound with carbonyl group (carbon and oxygen bonded together) attached to 2 carbon atoms, made of two propane molecules. Acetone may be present in the human body but only in small concentrations. Diabetic patients may have larger amounts. Exposure to Acetone should be avoided because it causes irritation in the eyes and throat. The vinegar is an organic compound that contains up to 5% Acetic Acid (has chemical compounds CH3COOH) and 95% water. Acetic acid is a clear colorless liquid with a pungent odor. It is soluble in alcohol, acetone, water, and other organic compounds. Vinegar has been used as a cleaning agent, printing of textiles, and as an acidifier to improve the flow of oil from wells. Neil Schlager (2006). Acetic acid is corrosive and prolonged exposure can cause irritation to throat, nose, and eyes. It can also cause headaches, confusion, chest tightness, and coughs. Salt (another name for NaCl sodium chloride) is made from a chemical reaction of an acid and a base. During this reaction, the acid and base are neutralized producing salt, water and heat. Lerner (2008). Table Salt (also NaCl) only has one positive ion. Salt is an important compound for preserving food and making soap. It is also very important in the making of chlorine and sodium. Water (H2O) is a chemical compound of hydrogen and oxygen held together by polar covalent bonds. Its polarity causes it to form hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds are an attraction between slightly positive H atoms in a polar molecule with the slightly negative side of another polar molecule. Water molecules form 5 hydrogen bonds and have a high specific heat. Water has a wicking property called capillary action. Capillary action is the force that draws water out of the roots of plants and into the stems and leaves. Analyzing ink is important questioned documents that might be forged. It could be used to identify inks in forged checks, wills, or altered records. Ink may look the same but they have very different chemical compositions. Ink is made up of a combination of pigments and dyes, oils, and resins. Some inks are even made of soybeans. Inks may be analyzed by a destructive or nondestructive test. The nondestructive is analyzed first and is better because it keeps the paper intact. Micro spectrophotometry is the main method of nondestructive testing. It scans the ink in infrared and ultraviolet light to record its wavelengths of light it absorbs. Thin layer chromatography is used for destructive testing. A tiny sample of ink paper is punched out and placed on a strip of paper with other ink samples. Then the strip is placed into a solvent but it’s placed where the sample ink is dry. The solvent is drawn up through capillary actions and the sample spots move up with it. The end result is a pattern of colored spots where you can compare it with others to make identification.

An Officer and a Gentleman essays

An Officer and a Gentleman essays An Officer and a Gentleman was made in 1982. It stars Richard Gere as Zack Mayo, Debra Winger as Paula Pokrifki, and Louis Gossett, Jr. as Sgt. Emil Foley. I think that the cast is amazing. Louis Gosset, Jr. won best supporting actor for his role, and Debra Winger was nominated for best supporting actress for hers. I think that this movie was a good jumping off point for Richard Gere, his work in this movie was great. I think that it was a great movie for its time. It definitely couldnt be done now because we are too caught up with special effects. I am a hopeless romantic, so for me this movie stands out for its romantic qualities more than anything else. I think that the reason An Officer and a Gentleman will be one of those movies that will last forever is because a good story will last forever and as long as there are hopeless romantics in the world, these types of stories will last for all time. Zack Mayo is the unwanted son of a sailor father (also an alcoholic and womanizer). Mayo has had it less than fair; his mother killed herself when he was just a boy. He was then sent to live with his father in the Philippine Islands on top of a brothel. After graduating from college Mayo decides to join the Naval Officer Candidate School (despite his fathers mockery) to be a jet pilot. When he joins he is a loner; he cares only about himself. He has no friends, no girlfriend and feels that he can do everything by himself. His drill instructor Sgt. Emil Foley shows him that he lacks character. Through a couple of their encounters Mayo realizes that Sgt. Foley is right and begins to change himself. It is not only Sgt. Foley that helps him discover himself. Throughout the thirteen-week training he becomes good friends with his bunkmate, Sid (David Keith), and falls in love with a local girl, Paula. Sid and Paula also have valuable life lessons to teach Mayo. He and Sgt. Foley have a moment at the en...

Reaction paper i will post the steps Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reaction i will post the steps - Term Paper Example GDP is also an indicator of people’s level of happiness and satisfaction and this justifies its application in informing economic policies that relate to welfare (Oulton, 2012). Opponents of the application of GDP in informing economic decisions however downplay these augments. Stiglitz notes that statistics have failed in accuracy and this problem has been evident in economics. Differences in opinions and demands over GDP also mean that its value and meaning are not absolute among different stakeholders. Another challenge to application of GDP is its lack of basis for measuring all outputs and inability to measure government output is an example. Results of government outputs are also unreliable and GDP fails to measure such aspects as depletion of natural resources. These, according to the author, undermine validity of GDP and its potential applications in policymaking (Stiglitz, 2009). Stiglitz, J. (2009). The great GDP swindle: Chasing GDP growth results in lower living standards. Better indicators are needed to capture well-being and sustainability. The Guardian. Retrieved from: